Smooth Scheduling under Variable Rates or the Analog-Digital Confinement Game

This work considers non-terminating scheduling problems in which a system of multiple resources serves clients having variable needs. The system has m identical resources and n clients; in each time slot each resource may serve at most one client; in each such slot t each client γ has a rate, a real number ρ _γ (t), that specifies his needs in this slot. The rates satisfy the restriction ∑ _γ ρ _γ (t)≤m for any slot t. Except of this restriction, the rates can vary in arbitrary fashion. (This contrasts most prior works in this area in which the rates of the clients are constant.) The schedule is required to be smooth as follows: a schedule is Δ -smooth if for all time intervals I the absolute difference between the amount of service received by each client γ to his nominal needs of ∑ _t∈I ρ _γ (t) is less than Δ. Our objective are online schedulers that produce Δ-smooth schedules where Δ is a small constant which is independent of m and n. Our paper constructs such schedulers; these are the first online Δ-smooth schedulers, with a constant Δ, for clients with arbitrarily variable rates in a single or multiple resource system. Furthermore, the paper also considers a non-concurrent environment in which there is an additional restriction that each client is served at most once in each time slot; it presents the first online smooth schedulers for variable rates under this restriction. The above non-concurrent restriction is crucial in some applications (e.g., CPU scheduling). It has been pointed out that this restriction “adds a surprising amount of difficulty” to the scheduling problem. However, this observation was never formalized and, of course, was never proved. Our paper formalizes and proves some aspects of this observation. Another contribution of this paper is the introduction of a complete information, two player game called the analog-digital confinement game. In such a game pebbles are located on the real line; the two players, the analog player and the digital player, take alternating turns and each one, in his turn, moves some of the pebbles; the digital player moves the pebbles backwards by discrete distances while the analog player moves the pebbles forward by analog distances; the aim of the analog player is to cause one pebble (or more) to escape a pre-defined real interval while the aim of the digital player is to confine the pebbles into the interval. We demonstrate that this game is a convenient framework to study the general question of how to approximate an analog process by a digital one. All the above scheduling results are established via this game. In this derivation, the pebbles represent the clients, the analog player generates the needs of the clients and the digital player generates the schedule. Dedicated to the memory of Professor Shimon Even for his inspiration and encouragement     

Output feedback variable structure control of uncertain linear systems in the presence of actuator dynamics

A new output feedback variable structure control scheme is developed based on a novel passivity idea. This scheme may practically stabilize a class of higher‐relative‐degree uncertain linear systems, and realize output tracking and disturbance attenuation as well. The controller is composed of linear filters and a single relay, without employing real‐time exact differentiators. Under this framework, we also explain how actuator dynamics affect the closed loop behavior. A simulation example shows the simplicity and efficiency of this method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society     

平行单级双倒立摆系统的建模与滑模变结构控制

从两摆间无弹簧连接的平行双倒立摆系统特定物理结构出发,结合控制目标进行合理建模与分析,验证所建模型可行性,讨论系统能控性和参数间的关系,并设计了滑模变结构控制律.该文的理论和方法对平行单级双倒立摆的进一步研究工作具有重要意义.     

可变精度粗糙集β值的增量计算

目前对于可变精度粗糙集中变精度参数β计算的研究,主要集中在非增量方面.当处理大量数据时,需要能够动态计算的方法,本文提出了一种增量计算β值的方法ICObeta.该方法以分类质量作为确定性度量的标准,以最大确定性度量为目标,来选取合适的β值.ICObeta相比于非增量的方法,具有动态增量和计算开销显著降低的优点,并通过实验证实了增量计算的优点.     

PLC在对缠机自动控制系统中的应用研究

详细介绍了对缠机的工作原理和硬、软件设计思想,通过S7-200PLC对变频器和步进电机的控制实现主动鼓轮的闭环速度控制、被动鼓轮跟随张力变频调速和自动排缆等功能。本系统在提高排缆质量的前提下,有效解决了收缆和排缆过程的统一问题,实验证明本系统具有很好的应用价值。     

一类欠驱动系统的分层FTSMC控制

研究了一类具有扰动的欠驱动非线性系统的控制问题及其渐近稳定的判定.提出一种基于快速终端滑模(FTSMC)的分层控制方法:分层快速终端滑模控制(HFTSMC).方法将系统按状态变量的耦合关系分成多个子系统,应用快速终端滑模控制分别构造滑动面.在此基础上采用Lyapunov方法设计控制量,给出了一种新的滑模而渐近稳定性判据,并提出了两种构造第二层滑模面的方法.对旋转式倒立摆的稳定控制进行的MATLAB仿真与实物实验,均得到较好的控制效果.实验结果证明了控制方法及判据的有效性.     

VCR智能无扰动特性的精确数值运算

根据智能变进制(VCR)的变溢性、拓展性及申缩性有机结合的技术,提出一种新颖智能的、无数字扰动的精确数值运算.该运算结果值的精确位数.是可以任意或无限地确定的,它可以很好地解决了计算机数值分辨率即由CPU字长制约的有效数字位教不足而造成的数值精确计算PC(Precise Computing)的扰动性问题,例如对中国古代数学家祖冲之曾研究圆周密率π值实验数据(π=355/113)的除法精确计算.     

预测与可变长编码在图像压缩中的应用

图像压缩成为了多媒体技术的关键和瓶颈.预测编码(DPCM)和可变长编码(VLC)是两种最重要的无损压缩算法.介绍预测编码的原理,证明了对DPCM数据进行可变长编码的可行性,并对标准测试图像进行测试得到了测试结果,最后对结果进行了分析.     

测量散射参数的交互换位双信号方法及其应用

叙述了外内向功率波复数比的测量方法,给出了散射参数测量的交互换位双信号测量线方法。用此方法测量了双栅ＧａＡｓＭＥＳＦＥＴ适用散射参数,并用它设计Ｓ波段混合集成双栅ＧａＡｓＭＥＳＦＥＴ可控增益放大器。测试结果与设计吻合。     

Comparing the Slack-Variable Mixture Model With Other Alternatives

There have been many linear regression models proposed to analyze mixture experiments including the Scheffé model, the slack-variable model, and the Kronecker model. The use of the slack-variable model is somewhat controversial within the mixture experiment research community. However, in situations that the slack-variable ingredient is used to fill in the formulation and the remaining ingredients have constraints such that they can be chosen independently of one another, the slack-variable model is extremely popular by practitioners mainly due to the ease of interpretation. In this article, we advocate that for some mixture experiments the slack-variable model has appealing properties including numerical stability and better prediction accuracy when model-term selection is performed. We also explain how the effects of the slack-variable model components should be interpreted and how easy it is for practitioners to understand the components effects. We also investigate how to choose the slack-variable component, what transformation should be used to reduce collinearity, and under what circumstances the slack-variable model should be preferred. Both simulation and practical examples are provided to support the conclusions.